Basic Rules of Phonics
Teaching English reading using phonics requires students to learn the connections between letter patterns and the sounds they represent. Phonics instruction requires the teacher to provide students with a core body of information about phonics rules, or patterns.
Below are the key basic rules of phonics:
Cognitive reading skills – Sub-lexical reading: Sub-lexical reading involves teaching reading by associating characters or groups of characters with sounds or by using phonics learning and teaching methodology.
Alphabetic principle – English spelling is based on the alphabetic principle. In an alphabetic writing system, letters are used to represent speech sounds, or phonemes. For example, the word pat is spelled with three letters, p, a, and t, each representing a phoneme, respectively, /p/, /æ/, and /t/.
Vowel phonics patterns: Short vowels, Long vowels, Schwa, Closed syllables, Open syllables, Diphthongs, Vowel digraphs, Vowel-consonant-E, R-controlled, Consonant-le syllable.
Consonant phonics patterns: Consonant digraphs, Short vowel + consonant patterns.
30 Years of Research into early reading
Major research Findings
